Scientific projects

Current Polish projects:

Nanoplastic toxicity: effect on gut-brain axis

Project Number: 2019/35/B/NZ7/04133

Duration: 2020-2023

Funding Institution: National Science Centre (NCN)

Project Leader: Prof. Marcin Kruszewski; Project leader at WULS-SGGW: Katarzyna Dziendzikowska, PhD
Project Team:
from Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences (WULS-SGGW): Katarzyna Dziendzikowska, PhD, Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska, Michał Oczkowski, PhD, Tomasz Królikowski, PhD, Ewa Fürstenberg, PhD
from Institute of Veterinary Medicine (WULS-SGGW): Jacek Wilczak, PhD, Małgorzata Gajewska, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor

The project consortium comprises two partners – Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT) (Warsaw, Poland) and University of Life Sciences (SGGW), (Warsaw, Poland).

The main objectives of the project:

Widespread abundance and environmental persistence if plastic products, exposure of humans and (aquatic) animals to micro- and nanoplastics (MNP) is unavoidable. Plastic products contaminating environment slowly breakdown to smaller particles, finally to form MNP that are tiny plastic particles of different shapes and sizes, which can be found in air, soil and water. Current evidence indicates that micro- and nanoplastics can be taken up by aquatic organism as well as by mammals. Despite the fact that the MNP are widely spread pollutants in the environment, our knowledge about their toxicity is still limited. Whereas detrimental effects of the MNP on fish and water invertebrates is fairly well documented, their impact on mammals needs further investigation. Even less is known about the impact of the MNP on human health. In humans gastro-intestinal tract represents the primary exposure site for the MNP uptake. Upon uptake, micro- and nanoplastics can reach the brain and exert potential neurotoxicity.

Project description and aims

The main and ultimate objective of this project is evaluation of different aspects of toxicity of the MNP. Different approaches will be implemented including in vivo rat model study. Since the main way of exposure to nanoplastic is oral exposure, this project will focus on gut-brain axis, as the most likely to be altered by the MNP ingestion. The additional goal of this project is to develop advanced and realistic toxicity MNP assessment. The tools that will help to identify the pathways and mechanisms involved in the MNP hazard. Project will bring valuable information to be used to estimate potential risks associated with the MNP abundance, and hopefuly to mitigate its harmfull effects on humans and the environment. The project will start with a state of the art characterization of the MNP (INTC). Subsequent to the characterization phase we will have a dual, parallel approach, studying the MNP effects in complex 3D cell co-culture models (intestine and brain (INTC), and in animal experiments (SGGW) with an extensive studies evaluating the mechanisms of NMP action within the organs of the gut-brain axis (SGGW, INTC).

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Mechanisms of action of 1-3,1-4-beta-D-glucan from oat in the early stage of colon carcinogenesis

Project Number:  2018/29/B/NZ9/01060

Duration:  2019-01-21 – 2023-01-20

Funding Institution: National Science Center (NCN)

Project Leader: Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
Project Team:
from Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences (WULS-SGGW): Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska, Łukasz Kopiasz, MSc, Katarzyna Dziendzikowska, PhD, Michał Oczkowski, PhD, Tomasz Królikowski, PhD,
from Institute of Veterinary Medicine (WULS-SGGW): Jacek Wilczak, PhD, Małgorzata Gajewska, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, Rafał Sapierzyński, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, Dariusz Kamola, MSc, Diana Stopka, DVM
from Wroclaw University of Economics and Business: Joanna Harasym, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor

The main objective of the project is to determine the potential of low molecular weight 1-3,1-4-D beta-glucan to stop or limit the colon carcinogenesis in early stage (CRC). Beta-glucan (isolated from oats and highly purified) will be administered with a diet. The study will be performed in vivo on colorectal cancer model (AOM rats). The following hypothesis concerning the activity of beta-glucan are verified: orally administered oat low molecular weight beta-glucan (1 ) inhibits development of the early stage of colon cancerogenesis by changing the course of cell metabolic stress and cell death; (2) limits the restoration of normal protein expression of close connections between colonocytes; (3) increases the normalization of CRC animals’ metabolome; (4) reverses of epigenetic changes and (5) changes in the profile and the metabolism of colon microbiota caused by early stage of colon carcinogenesis.

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Current international projects:

Preventive measures to reduce the adverse health impact of traffic-related air pollution (PrevenTAP)

Project Number: 260381/H10

Duration:  2017-07-1 – 2022-06-30

Funding Institution: Research Council of Norway (BEDREHELSE-programme)

Project Leader: Prof. Johan Øvrevik, Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway

WULS-SGGW Principal Investigator: Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
Project Team:
from Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences (WULS-SGGW): Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska, Katarzyna Dziendzikowska, PhD, Tomasz Królikowski, PhD, Michał Oczkowski, PhD
from Institute of Mechanical Engineering (WULS-SGGW): Remigiusz Mruk, PhD
from Institute of Veterinary Medicine (WULS-SGGW): Jacek Wilczak, PhD, Małgorzata Gajewska, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, Rafał Sapierzyński, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor

The main objectives of the project are to elucidate whether a reduction in specific compounds/sources (from engine emissions and road abrasion) has more impact on pulmonary and cardiovascular effects, and increase the understanding of interactions between course (abrasion) and fine/ultrafine (exhaust) particles on common biological effects. The project deals with evaluation and development of targeted interventions to improve public health and prevent non-communicable diseases.

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Past Polish projects:

The effect of soluble oat beta-glucans on non-specific colon inflammation

Project Number: 2015/17/B/NZ9/01740

Duration: 2016-02-19 – 2020-02-18

Funding Institution: National Science Center (NCN)

Project Leader: Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
Project Team:
from from Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences (WULS-SGGW): Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska, Ewa Żyła, MSc, Katarzyna Dziendzikowska, PhD, Michał Oczkowski, PhD, Małgorzata Jałosińska, PhD, Tomasz Królikowski, PhD,
from Institute of Veterinary Medicine (WULS-SGGW): Jacek Wilczak, PhD, Małgorzata Gajewska, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, Rafał Sapierzyński, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, Dariusz Kamola, MSc, Kinga Majchrzak, DVM, PhD
from Wroclaw University of Economics and Business: Joanna Harasym, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor

The main objectives of the project was an assessment of impact of two chemically pure fractions of oat beta-glucans of high and low molecular weight on an artificially induced colitis. The following scientific hypotheses will be verified: oat beta-glucans administered per os (1) reduce colitis; (2) change inflammatory transcriptomics in colonocytes; (3) have different impact on anti-inflammatory and antioxidative factors gene expressions. 

The most important results showed that both fractions of oat beta-glucans consumed with food inhibited the development of large intestine inflammation both at the initial stage of ongoing inflammation and at its more advanced stage. It should be added that low molecular weight beta-glucan was a more effective fraction. The mechanism of this action is based on modulating the secretion of numerous inflammatory mediators and regulating the expression of the genes involved in the development of the inflammatory process, as well as affecting the number and metabolism of lactic acid bacteria colonizing the large intestine beneficial for the sick organism. Results have also shown the beneficial effect of the oat beta-glucans on cellular processes in the affected large intestine, including the programmed cell death (apoptosis) – a process that prevents, among others, tumor initiation.

List of publications:

1. Kopiasz Ł., Dziendzikowska K., Gajewska M., Wilczak J., Harasym J., Żyła E., Kamola D., Oczkowski M., Królikowski T., Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. (2020). Time-Dependent Indirect Antioxidative Effects of Oat Beta-Glucans on Peripheral Blood Parameters in the Animal Model of Colon Inflammation. Antioxidants 9(5), 375-397; doi. 3390/antiox9050375
2. Żyła E, Dziendzikowska K, Gajewska M, Wilczak J, Harasym J, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2019). Beneficial effects of oat beta-glucan dietary supplementation in colitis depend on its molecular weight. Molecules 24(19), pii: E3591. doi: 10.3390/molecules24193591
3. Harasym J, Żyła E, Dziendzikowska K, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2019). Proteinaceous residue removal from oat β-glucan extracts obtained by alkaline water extraction. Molecules 24(9), E1729. doi: 10.3390/molecules24091729
4. Dziendzikowska K, Żyła E, Wilczak J, Kamola D, Oczkowski M, Królikowski T, Gajewska M, Harasym J, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2018). Beneficial effects of oat β-glucans on the large intestinal inflammation. 8th International Congress of Pathophysiology, Bratysława, Slovakia, Congress Abstacts Book P1.077
5. Harasym J, Dziendzikowska K, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2018). Therapeutic effect of highly purified oat beta-glucan on colon inflammation states – a model study. Food 2030: Towards sustainable agri-food systems, Stuttgart, Niemcy, Abstacts Book No. 7 (A-223)
6. Królikowski T, Żyła E, Oczkowski M, Dziendzikowska K, Wilczak J, Gajewska M, Harasym J, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2018). Effect of oats β-glucans on intestinal lymphocyte subpopulations in induced colitis. 4th International Congress ‘’Food Quality, Technology and Safety and 18th International Symposium ‘’Feed Technology’’, Abstract Book P 55

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Silver nanoparticles neurotoxicity evaluation with particular emphasis on their influence on the steroid metabolism in the hippocampus

Project Number: 2017/01/X/NZ7/00648

Duration: 2017-2018

Funding Institution: National Science Centre (NCN)(MINIATURA 1)

Project Leader: dr inż. Katarzyna Dziendzikowska

Project description and objectives:

Epidemiological studies conducted in recent decades indicate the steadily increasing incidence of neurodegenerative disorders, with result among others cognitive impairment and depression, which is a significant problem for both health and social point of view. Among the causes of these diseases, in addition to genetic factors those related to lifestyle (including diet) and environmental causes are also mentioned, in particular, related to environmental pollution are listed.

Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary field of science combining physics, chemistry, engineering and biology as well as one of the fastest-growing scientific and technology disciplines. Although the nanoparticles are defined as particles whose at least one dimension is less than 100 nm were present in the human environment for a long time, the techniques for their production and use on a large scale have been developing intensively in the last two decades. Silver nanoparticles, due to antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties, are included in many consumer products, as well as industrial, technological and medical products. Nanosilver is used as a component of food packaging materials, dietary supplements, coatings for kitchen appliances and medical tools, water disinfectants, air filters, electronic devices, toys, as well as cosmetic and hygiene products. In pharmacology and clinical diagnostics, great hopes are associated with the use of metal nanoparticles, in particular, silver, as drug carriers in targeted therapy and as an anti-inflammatory agent.

Despite the many benefits of using nanoparticles, in vitro studies suggest that the silver nanoparticles exhibit proinflammatory and toxic effects on animals and humans cells. Due to their size close to the size of cell structures and unique properties, nanoparticles are able to translocate through biological barriers, including both cell membranes and the blood-brain, blood-placenta and blood-testis barrier, which in turn can cause cell damage or affect their functioning. Nanomaterials can easily accumulate in internal organs, such as liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs and brain.

The most important results:

The development of nanotechnology and the market expansion of nanoparticle-containing products make it necessary to evaluate their impact on the functioning of the central nervous system, including the explanation of the mechanisms of potential nanomaterials toxicity.

The animal model study was carried out to determine the potential role of silver nanoparticles administered to healthy animals in the functioning of one of the brain structures (hippocampus), responsible among others for cognitive functions. An important element of the research was the assessment of the impact of silver nanoparticles on the steroids metabolism in the hippocampus. The research was also aimed at explaining the mechanism of action of these nanoparticles on the hippocampus and the molecular basis of this action. An important assumption of the research was also a comparison of toxicity of silver nanoparticles with the effects of silver ions in order to explain how the type of coating material applied on the nanoparticles surface affects the neurotoxicity of nanoparticles.

The results indicate that silver nanoparticles, accumulating in hippocampus cells, influenced the expression of numerous genes related to the regulation of neurosteroids synthesis, inflammation, antioxidant defense, programmed cell death, neoplasia, neurogenesis and synaptic transmission. Obtained results show decreasing neurosteroids contents, which modulate nerve cell activity and its plasticity as well as pay an important role in learning and memory processes. The obtained results show, that silver nanoparticles cause hormonal imbalance and disturb metabolism of neurosteroids. They can also contribute to the parameters of inflammation and oxidative stress alteration leading to disruption of antioxidant defense and inflammatory response in the brain structure. The noticed at the molecular level changes result in defects at the level of the whole organism observed as disturbances of spatial memory and indicate the risk associated with the use of nanotechnology products in the daily lives of consumers.

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Oat beta glucans influence on digestive tract inflammatory processes

Project Number:  N N 312 427440

Duration:  2011-05-10 – 2014-11-09

Funding Institution: The Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education

Project Leader: Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
Project Team:
from Faculty of Human Nutrition Consumer Sciences (WULS-SGGW): Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska, Dominika Suchecka, MSc, Katarzyna Błaszczyk, MSc, Sylwia Gudej, MSc, Michał Oczkowski, PhD, Małgorzata Jałosińska, PhD, Ewa Lange, PhD, DSc, Małgorzata Stachoń, PhD, Ewa Fürstenberg, PhD, Katarzyna Lachowicz, PhD, Prof. Danuta Rosołowska-Huszcz
from Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (WULS-SGGW): Jacek Wilczak, PhD, Małgorzata Gajewska, PhD, DSc
from Wroclaw University of Economics and Business: Joanna Harasym, PhD, DSc
from Institute of Rural Medicine, Lublin: Rafał Filip, MD, PhD, DSc

The main objectives of the project were to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, metabolic and prebiotic effects of two beta-glucans of different molecular weight (low or high) isolated from the oat. Both fractions will be obtained in the technological process constituting a part of the planned research. Evaluation of the effects of both fractions were performed in humans with chronic gastritis and on experimentally induced gastritis and enteritis in animal’s models.

The most important results showed (on animal models) that oat beta-glucans have some beneficial anti-inflammatory, antioxidative (both in gastritis and enteritis) and prebiotical (enteritis) impacts. These impacts were evident in case of both studied, purified fractions of beta-glucans of different (high or low) molecular weight. Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory impacts of beta-glucans in other body organs including spleen and liver were also shown. What is important, our studies showed that the oat low molecular weight oat beta-glucan has all of the above mentioned properties, in many cases stronger than the high molecular weight fraction, which is very important for the practical application of these polysaccharides.

List of publications:

1. Suchecka D, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Żyła E. Harasym JP, Oczkowski M (2017). Selected physiological activities and health promoting properties of cereal beta-glucans. A review. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences 26, 183–191; doi.org./10.22358/jafs/70066/2017
2. Suchecka D, Blaszczyk K, Harasym J, Gudej S, Wilczak J, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2017). Impact of purified oat 1-3,1-4-beta-d-glucan of different molecular weight on alleviation of inflammation parameters during gastritis. Journal of Functional Foods 28, 11-18; doi.org./10.1016/j.jff.2016.10.028
3. Suchecka D, Harasym J, Wilczak J, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2016). Hepato- and gastro- protective activity of purified oat 1-3, 1-4-β-d-glucans of different molecular weight. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 91, 1177-85; doi.10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.06.062
4. Błaszczyk K, Wilczak J, Harasym JP, Gudej S, Suchecka D, Królikowski T, Lange E, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. (2015). Impact of low and high molecular weight oat beta-glucan on oxidativestress and antioxidant defense in spleen of rats with LPS induced enteritis. Food Hydrocolloids, 51, 272-280; doi.org./10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.05.025
5. Harasym JP, Suchecka D, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2015). Effect of size reduction by freeze-miling on processing properties of beta-glucan oat bran. Journal of Cereal Science 61, 119-125; doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2014.10.010
6. Wilczak J, Błaszczyk K, Kamola D, Gajewska M, Harasym JP, Jałosińska M, Gudej S, Suchecka D, Oczkowski M, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. (2015). The effect of low or high molecular weight oat beta-glucans on the inflammatory and oxidative stress status in the colon of rats with LPS-induced enteritis. Food & Function 6 (2), 590-603; 10.1039/c4fo00638k
7. Suchecka D, Harasym JP, Wilczak J, Gajewska M, Oczkowski M, Gudej S, Błaszczyk K, Kamola D, Filip R, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2015). Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of high beta-glucan concentration purified aqueous extract from oat in experimental model of LPS-induced chronic enteritis. Journal of Functional Foods 14, 244-254; doi.org./10.1016/j.jff.2014.12.019

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Metabolism and action of the hormones involved in the regulation of energy balance depending on the energy value of the diet

Project Number: N N 312 379037

Duration: 2009 – 2012

Funding Institution: Ministry of Science and Higher Education

Project Leader: Prof. Danuta Rosołowska-Huszcz

Project Team: Prof. Danuta Rosołowska-Huszcz, Katarzyna Lachowicz, PhD, Małgorzata Stachoń, PhD, Ewa Fürstenberg, PhD, Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska, Joanna Myszkowska-Ryciak, PhD, Ewelina Pałkowska, MSc, Lucyna Kozłowska, PhD, DSc, Danuta Gajewska, PhD

The main objectives of the project were to assess the impact of diets with different energy values (with restriction to 80% or 60% of ad libitum energy intake) on selected aspects of metabolism and the action of hormones involved in the regulation of the energy balance (thyroid hormones, adrenal cortex hormones and insulin) in younger (17-week old) and in older (45-week old at the beginning of in vivo experiment) Sprague-Dawley rats following 8 weeks of the dietary study.

The level of receptor protein for thyroid hormones (isoform a and β) was determined in the heart, and the level of receptor protein for adrenal hormones was assessed in the liver . The concentration of hormones responsible for the hormonal regulation of the secretory functions of the thyroid gland and adrenal glands as well as the levels of thyroid hormones, adrenal cortex (corticosterone), pancreas (insulin) and adipose tissue (i.e. leptin, adiponectin) were measured in plasma.

The most important results:

Plasma ACTH and type 1 11β-hydroxylase protein were higher in older rats, while in the younger group, type 1 deiodinase protein level exceeded the enzyme level in older rats. Calorie restriction decreased plasma corticosterone and type 1 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase only in older rats. Direct relationships between glucocorticoid receptors and type 1 and 3 deiodinases, as well as between type 3 deiodinase and type 1 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, were observed. Caloric restriction reduced fT3, T4, and fT4 levels in both age groups, with additional decreases in TSH and T3 occurring in younger rats. Independently of age, cardiac BMHC expression was positively correlated with cardiac D3 and negatively with food intake and thyroid hormones.

The results indicated that responses of the rat pituitary-adrenal axis to calorie deficits were age-dependent. The observed correlations suggest a mechanism linking an increase in glucocorticoid receptors with a reduction in peripheral thyroid hormone action resulting from a rise in the level of type 3 deiodinase.

Cardiac type 3 deiodinase (D3) and myosin heavy chain β (BMHC) protein were, under conditions of differentiated dietary energy supply, directly related in both young and middle-aged rats.

List of publications:

1. Stachoń M., Gromadzka-Ostrowska J., Lachowicz K., Fürstenberg E., Pałkowska E., Gajewska D., Myszkowska-Ryciak J., Kozłowska L., Rosołowska-Huszcz D. (2014) Interdependence of the peripheral metabolism of glucocorticoids and thyroid hormones under calorie deficit in rats at different ages. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 23, 2014, 167–176;
2. Lachowicz K., Fürstenberg, E., Palkowska, E., Stachoń M., Gajewska D., Myszkowska-Ryciak, Kozłowska L., Ciecierska A., Rosołowska-Huszcz D (2014). The effects of caloric restriction and age on thyroid hormone signalling in the heart of rats. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 23, 97-104

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Influence of Western-type diet and its modifications on testosterone metabolism and oxidative stress in liver

Project Number: N N312 204735

Duration: 2008-09-30 – 2011-07-07

Funding Institution: The Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education

Project Leader: Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
Project Team: Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska, Agata Krawczyńska, MSc

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of Western type diet (high-fat, high-sucrose) and its modification concerning levels of fat and protein and dietary fat type on changes in activity of the antioxidant system and conversion of testosterone in the liver.

The most important results: The experiment was conducted on adult male Wistar rats fed for three weeks high-sucrose diet (35%) varying in fat (5% and 21%) and protein (10% and 19%) content and dietary fat type (linseed oil, grape seed oil, lard), whereas control group fed standard rodent feed. It was found that dietary macronutrients influenced on liver metabolism. High-fat and low-protein diet consumption results in the accumulation of fat in the liver with significant disintegration of hepatocytes membrane. Moreover, hepatic total antioxidant status and activity of catalase had the lowest values. On the other hand lipid peroxidation was the lowest in liver of animals fed diets with grape seed oil. Macronutrients influence also on liver testosterone metabolism in liver where intensification of either aromatization or 5α-reduction was observed according to consumed dietary fat type: linseed oil or lard, respectively. Relationship between the activity of antioxidant system and aromatase activity and between gene expression of steroid 5α-reductase type 1 and animals weight gain were also found. Western-type diet effects on plasma levels of sex hormones, causing the lowest values of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone and the highest of estrogens. In conclusion, it was found that Western-type diet and its modification affects the liver function pointing the transformation of testosterone in this organ in the direction of either aromatization or 5α-reduction. There is also a relationship between impaired functioning of this organ and the intensity of aromatization processes.

 List of publications:

1. Krawczyńska A, Herman AP, Antushevich H, Bochenek J, Dziendzikowska K, Gajewska A, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. (2017). Modifications of Western-type diet regarding protein, fat and sucrose levels as modulators of steroid metabolism and activity in liver. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 165(Part B), 331-341. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.07.012
2. Krawczyńska A., Okręglicka K., Olczak E., Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. (2010). Effect of dietary fat type on plasma lipid profile and leptin concentration in rats fed high-sucrose diets. Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research 4 (1), 57-62

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The impact of the intake of alcoholic beverages on hormonal regulation of steroidogenesis in the testes and on puberty

Project Number:  N N312 158334

Duration:  2008-04-18 – 2010-08-28

Funding Institution: The Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education

Project Leader: Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
Project Team: Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska, Michał Oczkowski, MSc

The main objective of the project was to determine the impact of the chronic intake of low-alcoholic beverages on endocrine functions and steroidogenesis in testes of rats which are both growing and pubertal.

The most important results: Two animal experiments were performed on immature male Warsaw High -Preferring rats (WHP) selected for their demonstrable preference for alcohol and Wistar outbred (OB)  rats (without preference for alcoholic consumption). The rats were given beer or red wine or a 10% ethanol solution during 2, 4 and 6 weeks. An increased plasma total antioxidant status, decreased glutathione reductase activity in erythrocytes and decreased activity of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 in the testes microsomal fraction were found in the WHP rats fed beer and red wine. The intake of 10% ethanol solution decreased plasma testosterone and increased 17beta-estradiol concentrations in the WHP rats. Chronic beer intake increased testosterone and decreased 17beta-estradiol plasma concentrations in OB rats. Moreover, beer intake increased the level of caspase-3 in Sertoli cells and TnNOS in Leydig cells and decreased gonadal aromatase activity and plasma 17beta-estradiol in OB rats.

List of publications:

1. Kołota A, Głąbska D, Oczkowski M, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2020) Oxidative stress parameters in the liver of growing male rats receiving various alcoholic beverages. Nutrients 12(1), 158. doi: 10.3390/nu12010158
2. Kołota A, Głąbska D, Oczkowski M, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2019) Influence of alcohol consumption on body mass gain and liver antioxidant defense in adolescent growing male rats. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 16(13), 2320; doi: 10.3390/ijerph16132320
3. Oczkowski M, Rembiszewska A, Dziendzikowska K, Wolińska-Witort E, Kołota A, Malik A, Stachoń M, Lachowicz K, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2019) Beer consumption negatively regulates hormonal reproductive status and reduces apoptosis in Leyding cells in peripubertal rats. Alcohol 78, 21-31. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.01.009
4. Oczkowski M, Średnicka-Tober D, Stachoń M, Kołota A, Wolińska-Witort E, Malik A, Hallmann E, Rusaczonek A, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. (2014). The effect of red wine consumption on hormonal reproductive parameters and total antioxidant status in young adult male rats. Food & Function 5 (9), 2096-105, doi: 10.1039/c4fo00108g
5. Oczkowski M, Kołota A, Dyr W, Kostowski W, Ćwiek M, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. (2013). Ethanol intake and plasma lipid profile of young Warsaw-High-Preferring rats. Alkoholizm i Narkomania 26(2), 149-165 (in Polish)
6. Kołota A, Rawa M, Dziendzikowska K, Oczkowski M, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. (2012). Influence of ethanol intake on hepatic antioxidant defense parameters in male Wistar rats. Alkoholizm i Narkomania 25(3), 273-287 (in Polish)
7. Dziendzikowska K, Oczkowski M, Kołota A, Dyr W, Kostowski W, Ćwiek M, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. (2011). The influence of red wine consumption on testosterone and 17beta-estradiol level, and aromatase activity in the gonads of male Wistar rats. Alkoholizm i Narkomania 24(1), 23-37 (in Polish)

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Past international projects:

Green fuels and human health – toxicity of engine emissions from 1st and 2nd generation biodiesel fuels (Fuel Health)

Project Number: Pol-Nor/201040/72/2013

Duration: 2013-11-01 – 2017-10-31

Funding Institution: Polish-Norwegian Research Programme

Project Leader: Prof. Anna Lankoff (Jan Kochanowski University);

WULS-SGGW Principal Investigator: Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
WULS-SGGW Project Team:
from Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences: Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska, Katarzyna Dziendzikowska, PhD, Michał Oczkowski, PhD, Tomasz Królikowski, PhD, Małgorzata Stachoń, PhD
from Faculty of Engineering Production: Remigiusz Mruk, PhD
from from Faculty of Veterinary Medicine: Jacek Wilczak, PhD, Małgorzata Gajewska, PhD, DSc, Rafał Sapierzyński, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor

The FuelHealth consortium comprises 4 partners – 3 from Poland: Jan Kochanowski University, (UJK), Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Automotive Industry Institute (PIMOT) and one from Norway: The National Institute of Public Health in Oslo (NIPH)

The main objective of the project was to clarify how use of 1^st and 2^nd generation biodiesel fuels affects the toxicity of diesel engine emissions compared to conventional fossil diesel fuel.

The most important results included (1) physicochemical characterization of engine emissions from the combustion of three biodiesel fuels: two 1^st generation fuels: 7% FAME (B7) and 20% FAME (B20),  and a 2^nd generation 20% FAME/HVO (SHB: Synthetic Hydrocarbon Biofuel) fuel with and without diesel particle filter (DEP); (2) the inhalation toxicity study of diesel engine emissions (in vivo study) was conducted on rats as model animals; (3) the in vitro toxicity study of diesel and biodiesel engine emissions in BEAS-2B, A549 and THP-1 cells. Obtained results revealed that exposure of rats to diesel exhaust emissions from the combustion of each type of biodiesel fuel induce mainly pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects, manifested as significant changes in biochemical and histological parameters of blood, distribution of immune cells and pro-inflammatory mediators in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), changes in expression of pro-inflammatory genes in lung tissue, changes in inflammation parameters and redox parameters in colon and liver tissues as well as changes in reproductive and gastrointestinal tract function. Overall, the magnitude of these changes was dependent on the studied end-point, biofuel and DPF technology. The in vitro results underscored that The in vitro toxicity of DEPs depends both on the biodiesel blend percentage and on the biodiesel feedstock, manifested as cell death (apoptosis or necrosis), decreased protein concentrations, increased growth inhibition, inductionof DNA single strand breaks and chromosomal damage as well as cell cycle disturbances.

List of publications:

1. Magnusson P, Dziendzikowska K, Oczkowski M, Øvrevik J, Eide DM, Brunberg G, Gutzkow KB, Instanes C, Gajewska M, Wilczak J, Saperzynski R, Kamola D, Królikowski T, Kruszewski M, Lankoff A, Mruk R, Duale N, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Myhre O (2019). Lung effects of 7- and 28-day inhalation exposure of rats to emissions from 1st and 2nd generation biodiesel fuels with and without particle filter – The FuelHealth project. Environmetal Toxicology and Pharmacology 67, 8-20; doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.01.005
2. Valand R, Magnusson P, Dziendzikowska K, Gajewska M, Wilczak J, Oczkowski M, Kamola D, Królikowski T, Kruszewski M, Lankoff A, Mruk R, Eide DM, Sapierzynski R, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Duale N, Øvrevik J, Myhre O (2018). Gene expression changes in rat brain regions after 7- and 28 days inhalation exposure to exhaust emissions from 1st and 2nd generation biodiesel fuels – The FuelHealth project. Inhalation Toxicology 30(7-8), 299-312; doi: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1520370
3. Dziendzikowska K, Gajewska M, Wilczak J, Mruk R, Oczkowski M, Żyła E, Królikowski T, Stachoń M, Øvrevik J, Myhre O, Kruszewski M, Wojewódzka M, Lankoff A, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2018). The effects of 1st and 2nd generation biodiesel exhaust exposure on hematological and biochemical blood indices of Fisher344 male rats – The FuelHealth project. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 63, 34-47; doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.08.001
4. Odziemkowska M, Czarnocka J, Frankiewicz A, Szewczyńska M, Lankoff A, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Mruk R (2017). Chemical characterization of exhaust gases from compression ignition engine fuelled with various biofuels. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 3, 1183-1190; doi:10.15244/pjoes/67973
5. Kowalska M, Wegierek-Ciuk A, Brzoska K, Wojewodzka M, Meczynska-Wielgosz S, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Mruk R, Øvrevik J, Kruszewski M, Lankoff A (2017). Genotoxic potential of diesel exhaust particles from the combustion of first- and second-generation biodiesel fuels – the FuelHealth project. Environmental Sciences and Pollution Research International 24, 24223-24234; doi:10.1007/s11356-017-9995-0
6. Magnusson P, Oczkowski M, Øvrevik J, Gajewska M, Wilczak J, Biedrzycki J, Dziendzikowska K, Kamola D, Królikowski T, Kruszewski M, Lankoff A, Mruk R, Brunborg G, Instanes C, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Myhre O (2017). No adverse lung effects of 7- and 28-day inhalation exposure of rats to emissions from petrodiesel fuel containing 20% rapeseed methyl esters (B20) with and without particulate filter – the FuelHealth project. Inhalation Toxicology 29(5), 206-218; doi:10.1080/08958378.2017.1339149
7. Lankoff A, Brzoska K, Czarnocka J, Kowalska M, Lisowska H, Mruk R, Øvrevik J, Wegierek-Ciuk A, Zuberek M, Kruszewski M (2017). A comparative analysis of in vitro toxicity of diesel exhaust particles from combustion of 1st- and 2nd-generation biodiesel fuels in relation to their physicochemical properties – the FuelHealth project. Environmental Science and Pollution Research Int. 24(23), 19357-19374; doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-9561-9
8. Skuland TS, Refsnes M, Magnusson P, Oczkowski M, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Kruszewski M, Mruk R, Myhre O, Lankoff A, Øvrevik J (2017). Proinflammatory effects of diesel exhaust particles from moderate blend concentrations of 1st and 2nd generation biodiesel in BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells – The FuelHealth project. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 52, 138-142; doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.04.004

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Impact of Nanomaterials on Human Health: Lessons from in vitro and animal models

Project Number: PNRF-122-AI-1/07

Duration: 2009 – 2011

Funding Institution: Polish Norwegian Research Fund

Project Leader: Prof. Marcin Kruszewski;

Project leader at WULS-SGGW: Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska

WULS-SGGW Project Team:
from Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences: Prof. Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska, Katarzyna Dziendzikowska, MSc, Michał Oczkowski, PhD, Tomasz Królikowski, PhD
from Faculty of Veterinary Medicine: Jacek Wilczak, PhD

The project consortium comprised 4 partners: Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT) (Warsaw, Poland), University of Life Sciences (SGGW)(Warsaw, Poland), The Norwegian Institute of Public Health in (NIPH) (Oslo, Norway) and Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) (Kjeller, Norway).

The main objectives of the project:

The rapid expansion of nanotechnology promises to have significant benefits to society, yet there is increasing concern that exposure to engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) with typically size less than 100 nm will have negative impact on both human and environmental health. The overall objective of this proposal is therefore to elucidate understanding of the nature of measured comparative responses induced by ENPs in various biological models, at different levels of organization (i.e. from molecules to individuals) from which the potential hazards to human health can be determined by observation, modeling and data interpolation.

The project plan included: (a) the characterization of selected ENPs, (b) determination of changes in their properties following interactions with physico-chemical environmental factors, (c) determination of intrinsic toxicity with focus on molecular and cellular responses, including changes in gene expression (d) determination of direct and expressed toxicity, which will take into account modes of exposures (acute vs chronic), tissue-specific effects, excretion and DNA repair capabilities in model mammalian species. Special emphasis is put to the reproductive toxicity and reproductive success. The evaluation of reproductive toxicity in representative mammalian models included a potential long-term toxic effects to humans, as well as consequences at the population/community level. A panel of biological methods used included determination of direct toxicity, genotoxicity, determination of the oxidative stress and its impact on antioxidant cellular defense, determination of ENP-induced changes in gene expression, especially cellular signalization pathways. One of the aim of the project was also to examine the adverse effects of silver nanoparticles on the regulation of reproductive functions, in particular their impact on steroid metabolism and selected inflammation parameters as well as oxidative stress and antioxidative defense in the testes.

List of publications:

1. Asare N, Duale N, Slagsvold HH, Lindeman B, Olsen AK, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Meczynska-Wielgosz S, Kruszewski M, Brunborg G, Instanes C (2016). Genotoxicity and gene expression modulation of silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in mice. Nanotoxicology 10, 312-321 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1071443 
2. Dziendzikowska K, Krawczyńska A, Oczkowski M, Królikowski T, Brzóska K, Lankoff A, Dziendzikowski M, Stępkowski T, Kruszewski M, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J (2016). Progressive effects of silver nanoparticles on hormonal regulation of reproduction in male rats. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 313, 35-46; DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.10.013 
3. Krawczyńska A, Dziendzikowska K, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Lankoff A, Herman AP, Oczkowski M, Królikowski T, Wilczak J, Wojewódzka M, Kruszewski M (2015). Silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles alter oxidative/inflammatory response and renin–angiotensin system in brain. Food and Chemical Toxicology 85, 96-105 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.08.005 
4. Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Dziendzikowska K, Lankoff A, Dobrzyńska M, Instanes C, Brunborg G, Gajowik A, Radzikowska J, Wojewódzka M, Kruszewski M (2012). Silver nanoparticles effects on epididymal sperm in rats. Toxicology Letters 214(3), 251-258, DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.08.028 
5. Dziendzikowska K, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Lankoff A, Oczkowski M, Krawczyńska A, Chwastowska J, Sadowska-Bratek M, Chajduk E, Wojewódzka M, Dušinská M, Kruszewski M (2012). Time-dependent biodistribution and excretion of silver nanoparticles in male Wistar rats. Journal of Applied Toxicology 32(11), 920-928. DOI: 10.1002/jat.2758

EXAMPLE OF PROJECTS

Global metabolomic profiling and telomere length as indicators of metal’s toxicity in welding fumes in the European welders population

Project of the National Science Centre OPUS (NCN – Poland)

Duration: 2020 – 2023

Head of a partner consortium, metabolomic profiling, biomarkers identification – prof. L. Kozlowska

Contarcors: Sitek A. MSc, Sijko M.

An estimated 110 million workers are exposed to welding fumes worldwide. Welding fumes is one of the most important and dangerous hazards to a welder’s health. In 2017, IARC classified welding fumes as carcinogenic to humans (group 1). The content of carcinogenic hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) and nickel(Ni) causes that exposure to welding dust is one of the important factors of the increased of the risk of respiratory diseases, including cancers, but concentrations of other metals (Mn, Co) are toxic as well. Currently used biomarkers, both exposures (e.g. metals in blood and urine), as well as early effects (e.g. oxidative stress markers) are not sufficiently to helpful in assessment of toxic effects of welding fumes. Therefore, efforts should be made to search for new markers allowing for the deeper assessment of adverse effects and the risk of health effects. It seems nowadays that the UHPLC-QE-MS non-target metabolomics method for quantitative analysis of low molecular weight metabolites is an ideal solution for the selection of significant metabolic differences to explain the metabolic, physiological and pathological mechanisms due to exposure to toxic components of welding fumes. On the other hand, exposure to welding fumes can induce free radical activity, increased oxidative stress in response to exposure to welding fumes. Free radicals can cause among others, DNA damage, which has been suggested as a one of possible mechanism for cancer development. It has been hypothesized that oxidative stress may be the primary mechanism responsible for the changes observed in telomere length. This study should clarify/explain the function of such epigenetic alterations as possible markers of   occupational exposure and early effect. This may be helpful to guide suitable risk assessment and management strategies to protect the health of workers exposed to welding fumes. So far, no such studies have been carried out involving workers exposed to welding fumes in several European populations. This study are unique, and the results will allow for harmonization and the creation of a platform for further exposure assessment and estimation of exposure to toxic welding fumes. The aim of the project will be to search the new markers of toxic welding fumes compounds, using the latest achievements of analytical techniques at the metabolomic level and epigenetic changes. The research will include workers employed in several European countries. The samples will be collected as part of the international project task, Horizon 2020, Human Biomonitoring for European Union (HBM4EU): Occupational group. It should be emphasized that the idea of combining exposure to metals with epigenetic and metabolomic research is a Polish initiative. Metabolomic analysis provides a new perspective for understanding the molecular mechanism of metal poisoning, which is the main goal of occupational medicine and environmental health. Evaluation of epigenetic changes alongside metabolomic changes may be helpful in developing appropriate risk assessment and management strategies to protect the health of employees exposed to welding fumes. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethical Committee from all European partners and all respondents signed informed consent to participate in the study.

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Searching for prognostic metabolomic markers of the effectiveness of nutritional intervention in hemodialysis patients

Project of the National Science Centre OPUS (NCN – Poland)

Duration: 2019 -2021

Head of a partner consortium, metabolomic profiling, biomarkers identification – prof. L. Kozlowska

Contarcors: Olszewska K. PhD, Sitek A. MSc, Sijko M.

Protein metabolism studies in haemodialysis patients (HD) have demonstrated that the introduction of intradialytic nutrition during dialysis procedure would maintain positive net protein metabolism in both skeletal muscle and throughout the body. These results clearly demonstrate that nutrition can compensate catabolic effects of the haemodialysis procedure and is an excellent strategy in the prevention and treatment of protein-energy wasting (PEW).

The scientific goal of the project is the identification of biomarkers of malnutrition and efficiency 2 types of nutritional interventions in aspect of improving nutritional status of HD. Specific objectives are defined as following:

1. Identification of early and prognostic metabolomic biomarkers of PEW in HD.
2. Analysis of nutritional status and identification of early and prognostic metabolomic biomarkers of the efficiency of standard nutritional intervention without the meal served just before dialysis procedure.
3. Analysis of nutritional status and identification of early and prognostic metabolomic biomarkers of the efficiency of nutritional intervention with the meal served just before dialysis procedure.

Given the fact that PEW is common but remains undiagnosed and untreated in approximately three quarters of HD, it seems that the administration of meal immediately before dialysis can be a cheap and simple way of reducing inflammation, improving protein metabolism and nutritional status in HD.

The results obtained allow for a comprehensive analysis of metabolomics profiles obtained in HD depending introduced nutritional intervention. This could be the basis for a wider introduction of personalization of nutrition for HD with PEW based on metabolomics profiling. Considering the fact that patients with PEW are hospitalized more often, suffer from more complications what making their treatment more expensive, and therefore introduction of a personalized diet, which the effects will be monitored by biochemical and metabolomic markers may also significantly reduce the cost of patients’ care.

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Monitoring and assessing exposure to chemical compounds in the work environment of professional drivers and technical services

National Health Program

Duration: 2018-2021

Contractor – prof. L. Kozlowska

Professional drivers are exposed to a number of factors that have a negative influence on their health status. These include vibrations, noise, the lack of fresh air in the car cabin, shift work (frequently at night), monotony resulting from permanent repetition of certain actions, static loads due to immobilization in a sitting position, stress resulting from the need to ensure safety in heavy traffic, as well as air pollution (dust, volatile organic sub­stances, nitrogen and sulfur oxides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals, dioxins, furans and others). Factors associated with the specificity of the profession of a driver, including exposure to chemical substances, result in an increased risk of the development of many diseases, i.e., obesity, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, extensive genitourinary pathology experienced by taxi drivers, lung cancer and other forms of cancer. In the case of drivers, especially those covering long distances, there are also actual difficulties related to ensuring a proper diet. Although attempts at interven­tional research that would change the principles of nutrition, as well as ensure physical activity and weight reduction, have been made, their results have not been satisfactory. The study focuses on the discussion on the role of a diet and dietary phytochemicals in the prevention of adverse health effects of such chemicals as a mix of chemicals in the polluted air, benzo(a)pyrene, benzene and metals (lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel), which are the main sources of exposure in the case of transport workers.

Kozłowska, L.; Gromadzińska, J.; Wąsowicz, W. Health Risk in Transport Workers. Part II. Dietary Compounds as Modulators of Occupational Exposure to Chemicals. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2019, 32 (4), 441–464. https://doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01434.

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A urinary metabolomics study of a Polish subpopulation environmentally exposed to arsenic

Project of KGHM Polska Miedź S.A.

Duration: 2018

Head of the project – prof. L. Kozlowska

Contractor: Olszewska K. PhD

Almost every organ in the human body can be affected by arsenic (As) exposure associated with various industrial processes, as well as with contaminated food, drinking water and polluted air. Much is known about high exposure to inorganic As but there is little data on the metabolic changes connected to a low exposure e.g. in people living in smelter areas.

The objectives of the study were: (1) characterise urinary concentration of total arsenic (AsT) in Polish inhabitants of the vicinity of a copper smelter area, (2) speciation analysis of various forms of arsenic in girls (GL), boys (BL), women (WL) and men (ML) with slightly elevated AsT and age/sex matched groups with substantially higher AsT, (GH, BH, WH and MH – respectively (3) comparison of metabolomics profiles of urine between age/sex matched people with low and high AsT concentrations.

Urine samples were analysed for total arsenic and its chemical forms (As^III; As^V, MMA, DMA, AsB) using HPLC-ICP-MS. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of the urine samples was performed using a UPLC system connected to Q-TOF-MS equipped with an electrospray source. The XCMS Online programme was applied for feature detection, retention time correction, alignment, statistics, annotation and identification. Potentially identified compounds were fragmented and resulting spectra were compared to the spectra in the Human Metabolome Database.

In the people with low AsT and high AsT there were significant differences in the intensity of signal  (is.) from numerous compounds being metabolites of neurotransmitters, nicotine and hormones transformation (serotonin in the girls and women; catecholamines in the girls, boys and women; mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids in the boys, androgens in the women and men and nicotine in the boys, women and men). These changes might have been associated with higher is. from metabolites of leucine, tryptophan, purine degradation (in the GH, WH), urea cycle (in the WH and MH), glycolysis (in the WH) and with lower is. from metabolites of tricarboxylic acid cycle (in the BH) in comparison with low AsT matched groups. In the MH vs. ML higher is. from metabolite of lipid peroxidation (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) was observed. Additionally, a presence of significant differences was reported in is. from food components metabolites, which might have modulated the negative effect of As (vitamin C in the girls, boys and men, vitamin B₆ in the girls, boys and women as well as phenolic compounds in the boys and girls). We hypothesize that the observed higher is. from metabolites of sulphate (in MH) and glucoronate degradation (in BH, WH and MH) than in the matched low AsT groups may be related to the impaired glucuronidation and sulfonation and higher is. from catecholamines, nicotine and hormones.

Our results indicated that even a low exposure to As is associated with metabolic changes and that urine metabolomics studies could be a good tool to reflect their wide spectrum connected to specific environmental exposure to As, e.g. in smelter areas.

Kozłowska, L.; Janasik, B.; Nowicka, K.; Wąsowicz, W. A Urinary Metabolomics Study of a Polish Subpopulation Environmentally Exposed to Arsenic. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 2019, 54, 44–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.03.009.

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Promoting human health and well-being by maintaining matrix related organic food qualities from field to fork

Project of the EKHAGASTIFTELSEN (Sweden)

Duration: 2019 -2020

Contractor, metabolomic profiling, biomarkers identification – prof. L. Kozlowska

Contarcor: Sitek A. MSc

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Establishment of an integrated platform for research in the science of human nutrition with the use of modern methods of assessing consumption nutrients and metabolic responses to dietary intervention

Project of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education

Duration: 2016 – 2017

The main goal of the project is to create a unique research platform for the needs of a highly specialized, complex metabolomic analysis in the field of science in human nutrition and is the first such initiative in Poland – Warsaw University of Life Sciences

Head of the project – prof. L. Kozlowska

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The effect of dietary treatment on protein metabolism, nutritional status and graft function in kidney transplant recipients

Project of the Scientific Research Committee (KBN – Poland)

Duration: 2007 – 2009

Head of the project – prof. L. Kozlowska

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Impact energy deficit on protein metabolism and endocrine activity of adipose tissue in obese patients with diabetic nephropathy

Project of the Scientific Research Committee (KBN – Poland)

Duration: 2006 – 2008

Main contractor – prof. L. Kozlowska

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Impact energy deficit on protein metabolism and endocrine activity of adipose tissue in obese patients with diabetic nephropathy

Project of the Scientific Research Committee (KBN – Poland)

Duration: 2006 – 2008

Main contractor – prof. L. Kozlowska

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Analysis of the effect level and type of protein in the diet on the amino acids metabolism and indicators of renal function and hormonal regulation in patients with chronic renal failure

Project of the Scientific Research Committee (KBN – Poland)

Duration: 2004 – 2006

Main contractor – prof. L. Kozlowska